Electric furnace steel is the steel produced by electric furnace.There are many kinds of electric furnace, arc furnace, induction furnace, electroslag furnace, electron beam furnace, consumable electric arc furnace.But generally said electric furnace [TJC STEEL]steel is produced with alkaline arc furnace steel.

There are various types of electric furnace steel, most of which are high quality carbon structural steel, tool steel and alloy steel.Electric furnace steel is of good quality and even performance.At the same carbon content, the strength and plasticity are better [TJC STEEL]than open hearth steel.

 

Overview:

Electric furnace steel is the steel produced by electric furnace.There are many kinds of electric furnace, arc furnace, induction furnace, electroslag furnace, electron beam furnace, consumable electric arc furnace.But generally said electric furnace steel is produced with alkaline arc furnace steel.

Electric furnace steelmaking has the advantages of less pollution, higher thermal efficiency and higher smelting quality.But it also has the disadvantage of high consumption of electric energy and high production cost.[2]

There are various types of electric furnace steel, most of which are high quality carbon structural steel, tool steel and alloy steel.Electric furnace steel is of good quality and even performance.At the same carbon content, the strength and plasticity are better [TJC STEEL]than open hearth steel.[1]

Electric furnace steel production is one of the main production processes of modern steel.Compared with converter steelmaking, it has the advantages of low investment, short construction period, quick effect and short production process, flexible production scheduling, high smelting ratio of excellent special steel, especially alloy steel, high alloy steel and other high value-added, high strength, high toughness and other [TJC STEEL]high performance special steel varieties smelting, basically relying on electric furnace.

The modern electric furnace process is as follows: electric furnace smelting one or two times refining one continuous casting one (hot delivery hot charge) one rolling.Electricity and scrap steel are two necessary conditions for the production [TJC STEEL]of electric furnace steel.55% of the cost of electric furnace steel in special steel enterprises comes from scrap.The power consumption cost of special steel enterprises accounts for 15% of the total cost.[3]

 

Evolution Of Electric Furnace Steel Technology:

The industrial technology of electric arc furnace steelmaking can be traced back to a patent applied by Paul Heroult in 1899.Until the 1950s, eAF was only used in the production of special steels, high-alloy steels or special alloys.

In the 1960s, the emergence of ultra-high power (UHP) arc furnace and the application of oxygen smelting technology brought the technology of arc furnace steelmaking into a period of rapid development. "small mills" represented by the small billet continuous casting one-wire mill with scrap steel as raw material gradually occupied [TJC STEEL]the regional market of long profile steel products.

In the 1970s, the rise of a group of high-productivity electric furnace short-process steel mills represented by Nucor corporation in the United States marked that eAF steelmaking has become another important production process corresponding to THE BF-BOF process.

After the mid - 80 - s, the development of eaf steelmaking technology and to enter into another big change period, is the landmark of the electric arc furnace steel-making enterprises entered the flat material market, especially the social large-scale recycling scrap steel resources, and improve quality, shorten the smelting cycle, [TJC STEEL]reducing energy consumption, environment friendly the emergence of various kinds of electric arc furnace systematic technology.[3]

 

Classification:

According to the classification of smelting equipment, steel can be divided into converter steel, open hearth steel and electric furnace steel.

According to the different electric heating mode and steel furnace type, electric furnace steel can be divided into arc furnace steel, non-vacuum induction furnace steel, vacuum induction furnace steel, electroslag furnace steel, vacuum arc furnace steel (also known as vacuum consumable furnace steel), electron beam furnace steel, etc.

 

Electric Arc Furnace Steel:

Electric arc furnace steel refers to the electric energy input into the furnace through graphite electrode, and the electric arc occurring between the electric extreme and the charge (scrap steel, etc.) is used as heat source to melt and refine the charge and alloy material into steel.The main varieties of eAF steel are high quality carbon steel, low alloy steel and alloy steel.The eAF steelmaking process is the main steelmaking [TJC STEEL]process for the production of high quality steel and special quality steel.

 

Non - Vacuum Induction Furnace Steel:

Non - vacuum induction furnace steel refers to the use of induction heating effect in the non - vacuum induction furnace to make scrap steel, alloy material and other charge melting and refining steel.The main varieties are special quality alloy steel.

 

Vacuum Induction Furnace Steel:

Vacuum induction furnace steel refers to the steel which is melted and refined by using the induction heating effect to waste steel and alloy material in the vacuum induction furnace.Vacuum induction furnace steel gas content is low, sulfur, phosphorus impurity element content is low, less inclusions.The main varieties are special quality alloy steels for special purposes.

 

Electroslag Furnace Steel:

Electroslag furnace steel refers to the steel produced by the smelting process of open - hearth furnace, converter, arc furnace or induction [TJC STEEL]furnace through casting or forging into electrodes and secondary remelting through slag resistance in electroslag furnace.Electroslag furnace steel low sulfur content, less impurity elements, less inclusions.The main type of electroslag furnace steel is special quality alloy steel.

 

Quality Characteristics Of Electric Furnace Steel:

Mass fractions of various steelmaking processes and gases

Compared with open hearth furnace and oxygen converter steelmaking process, the outstanding feature of the electric furnace steelmaking process is the free choice of oxidation and reduction conditions, that is, in addition to oxidizing slag, but also to make a special component of reducing slag, so that the liquid steel can be better deoxidization, desulfurization and alloying.So the electric furnace is mainly used for [TJC STEEL]smelting special steel and high quality steel.It is more economical to use electric furnace with strong applicability when smelting steel with small quantity and large variety.

The main characteristic of electric furnace steel is its low content of oxygen, sulfur and non-metallic inclusions, so it has high mechanical and technological properties.Due to the positive absorption of gases in the arc zone by the molten pool, the content of nitrogen and hydrogen in the electric furnace steel is relatively high. As shown in The Mass fraction of Various Steelmaking Processes and Gases, due to the different uses of different types of steel, the quality evaluation index is not exactly the same, [TJC STEEL]so there are specific requirements for the quality of all kinds of steel in the production.